Biography: Celedonio Molinar Ávila (1916-2005) is the most renowned 20th century Major Devil in the Congo carnival tradition of Portobelo, Panama. Born in Nombre de Dios, he learned how to perform the character from the person that had previously played it in Portobelo. In 1945, he married a woman from Portobelo, moved there, and brought the Major Devil character back with him. He also re-introduced the tradition of "Blessing the Devil." Having served in the role for 60 years, Celeonio influenced and shaped the devil character in Portobelo more than any other 20th century figure.
Excerpt Description: In this excerpt, Molinar explains the "pujido," a sound that the devils within the Congo tradition of Panama make that is a part of their embodiment of the character. The literal translation of the word is "grunt," but the effect is more than that. The sound amplifies internal energy and is done in response to both internal desires and external stimuli.
Entire Interview: Listen to the full interview and read the transcript.
Interviewer: Renee Alexander Craft
Secondary Interviewer: Arturo Lindsay
Date of Interview: 3-Jun-00
Interview Location: Front porch of interviewee's home in Portobelo, Panama
Interview Transcribed By: Gustavo Esquina
English Translation By: Oronike Odeleye, Arturo Lindsay
Ethnoracial Identity Discussed: Afro-Colonial, Afrodescendiente
Cultural Identity: Major Devil in the Congo Tradition
Location Mentioned: Portobelo, Panama
Congo Spaces:
Congo Characters: Devils and Devil Tradition, Major Devil
Congo Tradition Mentioned: Congo culture, Congo game, Devil embodiment
Cultural Organization: Congos
Themes Mentioned: "pujido"/ grunt, Congo tradition, Major Devil
Cultural Festivals: Carnival
People Mentioned: N/A
Time Period Mentioned: N/A
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Timestamp: 00:18:10.5-00:23:08.8
Photo by: Charles Mack